editorial

welcome to Issue 26 of our journal!

Battle Royale
   Battle Royale
By chance more than design, this issue has a sombre cast to it. Some of the films discussed here explore contemporary scenarios of social alienation and sexual abjection; others touch on the historical enormity of the Holocaust. As several contributors underline in different ways, films on such emotive subjects are obliged to negotiate pressing ethical and formal dilemmas (to be tackled anew, from scratch, each time out). Should the style be cool and discreet, or wild and chaotic to match the violence of the content? Should filmmakers gloss over sordid scenes, or show every last detail and risk accusations of callousness or even of reveling in horror? Should we be encouraged to emphasise with, and recognise ourselves in, evildoers as well as victims – and can we always separate the two?

Questions about how to represent the 'unthinkable' in cinema also relate to the nature of the medium itself. Common sense and most legal systems still credit the photographic image with a special capacity to relay reality – and hence, potentially, a special obscenity. But in the digital era, can we distinguish a priori between a mere fiction and a document of an actual occurrence – and if not, what are the ethical implications?

Undeniably, a fascination with cruelty and abjection marks some of the most ambitious cinema being made today as well as some of the laziest and most loathsome. Thus prominent filmmakers from Michael Haneke and Stanley Kubrick to Harmony Korine and Todd Solondz have found themselves credited with compassion and accused of sadism in about equal measure. Yet given the ambiguous nature of any contemplation of suffering from a distance, it's rarely possible to make an absolute judgment one way or the other.

As illustrations I'll cite a couple of films I've seen recently which I found intensely moving, but which have met (locally and internationally) with a rather mixed response. One is Mike Leigh's All or Nothing (2002), about a group of families in a London housing estate. Clearly, not all viewers see the essential grace in Leigh's lumbering, tragicomic, deeply British style, using theatrically heightened performances to suggest how class and individual mannerisms turn us all into partial grotesques (without reducing characters to sitcom figures of fun, as Alexander Payne does to Kathy Bates in About Schmidt [2002]). In All Or Nothing the literal obesity of several characters (along with the grim, monolithic solidity of the block of flats they inhabit) gradually emerges as a symbol of the weight of the world: the entropic, grinding, unglamorous pain at the heart of mundane existence, so rarely fully acknowledged in movies, but here invested with a kind of paradoxical grandeur on the big screen. No doubt it's partly my particular cultural upbringing that makes the emotion in Leigh's films seem so 'real' to me – and so much more affecting than the relatively light, cartoonish treatment of everyday anguish in recent American films like About Schmidt and Punch-Drunk Love (Paul Thomas Anderson, 2002).

Opposed to All or Nothing in practically every respect is the late Kenji Fukasaku's Battle Royale (2000), very belatedly released in Melbourne this March. The comic-book cruelty of the film's 'high concept' premise – 40 teenagers are sent to an island where they're forced to kill each other off – makes it sound like an amoral exercise in pulp violence and nothing more. But as this conceit is played out to the bitter end in a style that combines melodrama with ruthless satirical detachment, the cumulative effect is far more horrifying than most 'serious' depictions of atrocious acts; forced as it were to morally fend for ourselves, we have no choice as viewers but to try and come to terms with our own inhumanity.

To return to a more joyful cinema: I'd be remiss if I didn't use this editorial to hail The Matrix Reloaded (Larry and Andy Wachowski, 2003), so easily mocked for its intellectual mumbo-jumbo and frantic hipness. Any critic worth the name barely needs to have seen the film in order to dismiss its flashy iconography and extravagant fight scenes as the apotheosis of geek fantasy, its conceptual underpinnings as philosophical kid stuff. Yet is there any doubt that the Wachowskis speak to urgent and fundamental concerns in dramatising our hesitation between a coldly positivist, technocratic worldview (one that sees the physical universe as just another glorified computer program) and the fragile remains of religious or humanist ideals? And all this figured, dazzlingly, by way of a cinematic form that draws upon the overwhelming power of digital effects, not simply to repudiate reality, but as a constant challenge to us to discern the real in the virtual and vice versa.

My thanks go to the entire Senses of Cinema team, who've been more than welcoming in the months since I came on board as co-editor. In turn, I'm pleased to welcome another new arrival (and old acquaintance), our recently appointed manager Daniel Yencken. Special thanks also to Hilary Radner, Brian Frye, Bill Krohn and Alice Lovejoy.

Jake Wilson, Co-Editor, Senses of Cinema

go to Contents, Issue 26


our mission

Senses of Cinema is an online film journal devoted to the serious and eclectic discussion of cinema. It has been set up to address a lack of cinephilic writing in local discourse, that is, writing sprung from the desire to think and write seriously, knowledgeably and passionately about film.

Senses of Cinema is unique in its eclecticism: it encourages articles of all styles (casual, personal, academic, critical, impressionistic and poetic - or a combination of these), analytical approaches (thematic, psychoanalytic, etc) and subject matter. The only criteria that we prescribe are that all articles are demonstrably passionate, serious, intelligent and insightful reflections and/or analyses on the topic of cinema.

Senses of Cinema promotes various divergent "voices" that speak to a wide and diverse audience. It aims to bring together a mix of writers:  established and emerging, theorists and un-published cinephiles, filmmakers and film programmers, and local and international writers.

We are particularly committed to discussing art, independent, experimental and third world cinemas (everything from Renoir to Antonioni to Solàs to Oshima to Morrissey to Jost to Friedrich to Snow, feature films as well as short films), theorising new encounters with digital technologies, and promoting writing that increases one's understanding and appreciation of cinema.

We recognise that an object as ephemeral and ethereal as cinema continues to fascinate, to provoke, to inspire, to turn on, to evolve. And it is in relation to this object that we seek to facilitate and encourage expression and appreciation.



Notes for contributors

Want to contribute to this journal?
Click on the words above to read our guidelines for writers.


about us
Daniel Yencken Manager - Daniel Yencken, 24, has studied Cinema Studies and Social Theory at the University of Melbourne. He is a broadcaster on SBS Radio and a co-curator of the Melbourne Filmoteca. A cinephile and lusophile, Daniel can occasionally be heard on the radio talking about cinema in Portuguese. Some of his favourite cinematic figures are Jean-Luc Godard, Alejandro Jodorowsky, Jean Vigo and Hayao Miyazaki.
You can email Daniel.

Fiona A. Villella Co-Editor - Fiona A. Villella, 29, studied cinema studies at the University of Melbourne, travelled overseas for a year, dabbled in film production, and has written on film for publications like Metro, Real Time, IF, Cinema Scope, Screening the Past, and Muse. She is also co-curator of the Melbourne Filmoteca and a board member of the Melbourne Cinémathèque. Her favourite directors are Jean-Luc Godard, Nicholas Ray, John Cassavetes, Martin Scorsese, Roberto Rossellini, Claire Denis, Robert Bresson and Spike Lee. Her interests are American independent cinema, experimental film, globalisation and world peace.
You can email Fiona.

Jake Wilson Co-Editor - Jake Wilson, 24, is a Melbourne writer. As well as contributing to Senses Of Cinema he regularly reviews new releases for the Urban Cinefile site, and studies film at La Trobe University, where in 2000 he was an editor of the student newspaper, Rabelais. In the past he has also been involved in Super-8 filmmaking and student radio. His favorite director is Orson Welles.
You can email Jake.

Michelle Carey Great Directors Editor - Michelle Carey, 27, has studied Psychology, French and Screen Studies in Adelaide. She is a member of the Melbourne Cinémathèque Committee and is enchanted by cinema. She has a particular interest in experimental, independent, contemporary Asian and modernist European cinema.
You can email Michelle.

Cerise Howard Web Designer / Top Tens Compiler - Cerise Howard, 31, studied film at La Trobe University and was a coordinator of the Melbourne Underground Film Festival from 2000 - 2002. A musician, a writer (at work on her first novel), and a Jill of all arts, her favourite directors include Argento, Buñuel, Tsukamoto, Keaton, Jackson, Raimi, Svankmajer, Borowczyk, Kurosawa, Polanski and Tarkovsky. And Kubrick, Bergman, Hitchcock, Scorsese, Gilliam, Bava, Almodóvar etc.
You can email Cerise.

Albert Fung Great Directors Web Designer / Links Compiler - Albert Fung, 23, has an honours degree in Cinema Studies. His interests in cinema are varied, but has particular interest in Asian film, documentary, non-narrative explorative forms and DIY "trash" cinema.

If you have a suggestion for the links page, contact Albert.

You can email Albert.



Senses of Cinema (ISSN 1443-4059) is published approximately bi-monthly by Senses of Cinema Inc.

Copyright 1999-2003 Senses of Cinema Inc and the contributors.

As under the Copyright Act 1968 (Australia), no part of this journal may be reproduced by any process without the written permission of the editors except for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review. These works may be read online, downloaded and copied for the above purposes but must not be copied for any other individuals or organisations. The work itself must not be published in either print or electronic form, be edited or otherwise altered or used as a teaching resource without the express permission of the author.

All views expressed in this journal are those of the authors and not the editors (unless indicated).

Senses of Cinema Inc
Cinema Studies Program
The School of Fine Arts, Classical Studies and Archaeology
The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia.


Senses of Cinema acknowledges the financial assistance of the Australian Film Commission to AFC website

Senses of Cinema acknowledges the financial assistance of Film Victoria to Film Victoria website

Senses of Cinema acknowledges the technical and administrative support of University of Melbourne, Cinema Studies Program to school of fine arts (art history & cinema studies), classics & archaeology, Melbourne University website

Senses of Cinema acknowledges Bill Mousoulis as the Founding Editor. to 'Innersense', the website of Bill Mousoulis


Senses of Cinema is indexed in the MLA (Modern Language Association of America) International Bibliography and is listed in the MLA Directory of Periodicals.

All Australian content in Senses of Cinema is indexed in APAIS (Australian Public Affairs Information Service) of the National Library of Australia.

All reviews of individual films published in Senses of Cinema are indexed in the Movie Review Query Engine.


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